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| Extractable nuclear antigens ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Extractable nuclear antigens
Extractable Nuclear Antigens are over 100 different soluble cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens. Autoantibodies to these antigens are associated with particular connective tissue disorders.
The six main antigens used in immunological laboratories for detection are Ro, La, Sm, RNP, Scl-70 and Jo1, which are screened for by Ouchterlony double immuno diffusion techniques and confirmed by immunoblotting.
On anti-nuclear antibody tests, these antigens have a speckled pattern.
==Terminology==
ENAs originally referred to proteins found in a saline extract of cell nuclei . Its components have since been more clearly identified and in fact include many cytoplasmic molecules. The misnomer however has stuck. These proteins are intimately associated with various RNA molecules and are thus called ribonucleoproteins, but the nomenclature used for them is often a source of confusion, Sm, Ro and La were named after the first 2 letters of the surnames of the patients in whom they were first found. Two proteins associated with Sjogren's Syndrome were independently described as antigens A and B, but are now known to be identical to Ro and La respectively. i.e. SS-A = Ro and SS-B = La.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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